Raising perennial fruit trees and vines is a complex process that requires the implementation of several operations in a proper and timely manner. These operations are interconnected, and the absence of any one of them significantly reduces the chances of planting success. Mistakes made in this process have permanent consequences, as they cannot be corrected during the lifetime of the plant.
The first step is the selection of the plot and the analysis of agroecological conditions. Each fruit type requires specific conditions, including soil type, terrain slope and orientation to the sides of the world. The risks of spring frosts and the appearance of hail are also analyzed, because natural factors can significantly affect the success of plantings. Regulatory works, such as clearing woody crops, removing stumps and leveling the plot, are performed if the plot was previously used for perennial plantings.
Before planting, it is recommended to grow pre-vegetables, such as cereals, so that the soil can “rest” for one to three years. After harvesting the forage, a total herbicide is used to kill the weeds, thus reducing the harmful potential of the weed plants for the following years.
For the benefit of the crops, check the land well
Soil analysis is crucial for determining the amount of macroelements, pH reaction and humus content. Samples are taken from different depths, depending on the type of planting. Based on the analysis, agromeliorative fertilization is performed, where manure, phosphorus, potassium and, if necessary, calcium carbonate are added to improve the pH reaction of the soil.
The basic cultivation of the land includes deep plowing or undermining, and is carried out in late August and early September. Supplementary processing immediately before planting additionally pulverizes the soil for better preparation for planting. The layout of the planting sites determines the direction of the rows and the spacing of the seedlings, and on irregular plots, this is done by experts.
Digging pits is done manually or mechanically, while seedlings are prepared by shortening the root system and immersing them in a mushy solution. After planting, the seedlings are tied to a support made of acacia stakes and protective nets are placed to prevent damage from game.
The application of all these steps in the optimal period of time ensures the successful raising of plantations with a high percentage of seedling reception, which creates a solid foundation for long-term successful fruit and grape production.
Source: Farmer
Source: boljazemlja.com
