Efficient production of plums requires the application of modern cultivation methods that enable optimal tree growth, timely fruiting and high quality fruits. Traditional approaches to cultivation are increasingly giving way to innovative techniques such as spindle-shaped and two-dimensional cultivation forms (such as the UFO system), which enable better utilization of resources and increase the yield per unit area.
The spindly growing form implies the formation of trees with minimal skeletal structure and a greater proportion of native wood. This system provides high yields, but requires precise canopy management, including branch bending, load control and specific pruning techniques. The disadvantage of this form is reflected in the complexity of maintenance and the possibility of losing control over the growth of trees if appropriate measures are not applied.
Plum production systems in more detail
The UFO (Upright Fruiting Offshoot) system represents a more advanced approach, where instead of one central cone, several fruiting axes are formed, which better distributes the lushness of the tree and achieves an even distribution of light. This form enables easier maintenance, better photosynthesis and significantly increases production efficiency. Upright saplings in the UFO system quickly move into the category of native wood and remain productive for several years, after which they are successively replaced. This technique minimizes the need for intensive pruning and allows for easier application of repeatable patterns in production.
The advantages of the UFO system include economical yields, high fruit quality, easier application of protective agents and the possibility of mechanizing work operations. Fruit ripens more evenly in these systems, which reduces grading costs and makes harvesting easier. However, the implementation of this form requires considerable expertise in the initial stages, as well as the installation of a support system (wire reinforcement).
In addition to the technical aspects of cultivation, adaptation to varietal specificities, planting density and local climatic conditions is also crucial. The optimal cultivation form depends on a number of factors, including the level of knowledge of the producer and the intensity of manual work. Traditional pruning techniques are adapted to new systems, while two-dimensional forms of cultivation enable an increase in the number of plants per unit area and better use of space.
The introduction of modern systems of plum cultivation, such as spindle and UFO, significantly contributes to the improvement of production. In addition to economic yields and high fruit quality, these systems reduce labor costs and increase efficiency. However, the success of their application depends on a careful assessment of local conditions and available resources, which allows producers to optimize production and improve the market potential of plums.
Source: Good morning
Source: boljazemlja.com
