As the world’s population ages, the prevalence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CM) is becoming a growing problem for healthcare. In simple terms, this complex term means the co-occurrence of at least two cardiometabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, stroke, coronary artery disease, insulin resistance, or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Scientists have discovered that moderate coffee consumption (up to 3 cups per day) may play an important role in reducing the risk of CM, as described in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
“Consuming three cups of coffee or 200-300 mg of caffeine daily may help reduce the risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity in people without any cardiometabolic disease,” said the study’s lead author, Chaofu Ke, MD, PhD, of the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
According to the study authors, people with one cardiometabolic disease may have up to twice the risk of all-cause death compared to those without these diseases. People with CM may have up to seven times the risk of death.
The study was conducted using data from more than 180,000 people from the UK Biobank, a large biomedical database of long-term human observations. The information included self-reported caffeine intake in the form of coffee, black or green tea, as well as cardiometabolic diseases they developed based on primary care data, hospital records and death certificates.
According to the study, compared to people who did not drink coffee or consumed less than 100 mg of caffeine per day, people who drink moderate amounts of coffee or caffeine (e.g. in the form of tea), had respectively 48.1% and 40.7% lower risk of new CM.
The study results are incredibly interesting, but they shouldn’t be used as a stand-alone diet modifier. Dr. Gregory Marcus, associate chief of cardiology for research and professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not involved in the study, told CNN that the methodology was sound and that the results matched existing data on caffeine and heart health. But the link still needs to be clarified. The scientist noted that the study was observational and may show a link between caffeine and heart health. In fact, it may turn out that other factors are responsible for the improvement.
– It is possible that the apparent protective effects do not exist at all, and that the positive associations are explained by some unknown or unmeasured real determinant. For example, people who consume these substances more often tend to have a healthier diet or to be more physically active, explained Dr. Gregory Marcus.
Sources:The Endocrine Society przez medicalxpress.com, CNN
Source literature: Chaofu Ke et al, Habitual Coffee, Tea and Caffeine Consumption, Circulating Metabolites, and the Risk of Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (2024)
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