Archaeologists estimate that on July 21, 365 BC, the Temple of the goddess Artemis in Ephesus, one of the seven wonders of the ancient world, was destroyed by fire.
The Temple of Diana in Ephesus, also known as Artemison, was begun in 620 BC by Chersiphron, rebuilt by Paeonis of Ephesus in 550 BC and completely rebuilt by Deinocrates between 350 and 323 BC
The building was modeled in the Ionic style and had 127 columns decorated with reliefs.
The temple burned in a fire. It is said that a man named Herostratus started the fire, in which he lost his life.
The legend says that on the night the temple burned, Alexander the Great was born, and Artemis was too busy with his birth and did not take care of the temple.
Discover presents other historical meanings of July 21:
1718 – The Treaty of Passarowitz was concluded, through which Banat and Oltenia came under the control of the Habsburg Empire.
1774 – The Treaty of Kuciuk-Kainargi was concluded, between Turkey and Russia, which obliged to evacuate the territory of the Romanian countries. It was foreseen: the exemption of the Principalities from the payment of tribute for a period of two years, the confirmation of the old privileges granted to them, the right of Russia to intervene at the Gate in favor of the Romanian countries.
1808 – Simion Bărnuțiu, writer, beautician, politician, leader of the Romanian Revolution from 1848 in Transylvania, was born in Bocşa, Sălaj county (d. May 28, 1864)
1816 – Paul von Reuter, the founder of the “Reuters” news agency, was born.
1821 – The poet, writer and politician Vasile Alecsandri was born. (d. August 22, 1890)
1858 – German impressionist painter Lovis Corinth, predecessor of expressionism, was born. (d. July 17, 1925)
1861 – The premiere of the play “Hamlet” by William Shakespeare took place in Bucharest, with Mihail Pascaly in the lead role.
1868 – Romania signed the Vienna International Telegraph Convention, which replaced the Paris Convention of May 17, 1865.
1896 – An Agreement was concluded regarding the regulation of telegraphic communications between Romania and Italy.
1899 – The American writer Ernest Hemingway was born, laureate of the Nobel Prize for literature in 1954. (d. July 2, 1961)
1903 – King Olav V of Norway (1957–1991) was born (d. 17.01.1991)
1904 – Prose writer and literary critic Ion Biberi (“People in the fog”, “From the memories of a Lost Summer”) was born (d. September 27, 1990)
1907 – The painter Nicolae Grigorescu died. (b. 15 May 1838)
1907 – The linguist Dimitrie Macrea, corresponding member of the Romanian Academy, was born. (d. November 5, 1988)
1908 – The American jurist Thurgood Marshall, the first black person on the Supreme Court (1967–1991), was born. (d. January 24, 1993)
1914 – The Crown Council of Romania, gathered in Sinaia, rejected King Carol I’s request to enter the war alongside the Central Powers, deciding Romania’s neutrality.
1917 – AP Kerensky becomes the first minister of Russia.
1920 – The violinist Isaac Stern was born. Originally from Russia, Stern made his debut at the age of 17 in the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra. (d. September 23, 2001)
1927 – Matilda Caragiu–Marioţeanu was born, linguist, corresponding member of the Romanian Academy (“History of the Romanian Language”, “Romanian Dialectology”, “Treatise on the History of the Romanian Language”) (m. 11 March 2009)
1927 – The composer and musicologist Ştefan Niculescu, member of the Romanian Academy, was born. He is a member of the Union of Composers and Musicologists from Romania and founding director of the “International New Music Week” Festival (d. January 22, 2008)
1936 – A protocol was signed in Montreux that included the principles that were to be the basis of the Mutual Assistance Treaty between Romania and the USSR.
1941 – The Romanian Army occupied Tighina, Ismail, Chilia Noua and Vâlcov.
1941 – The first German air raid on Moscow.
1946 – The World Federation of Scientists – FMOS was created.
1973 – George Macready, actor, has died. (born August 29, 1899)
1984 – The Executive Political Committee of the CC of the PCR decides to build the Poarta Alba Midia-Năvodari navigable canal and the Danube-Bucharest navigable canal.
1986 – The Romanian poet, essayist and translator Ion Caraion died. (born May 24, 1923)
2004 – Jerry Goldsmith, American composer, died. He composed the music for films such as “Patton”, “Chinatown”, “Planet of the Apes”, “Basic Instinct”, “Rambo” or “Total Recall”. (born February 10, 1929)
Source: www.descopera.ro
